Autonomous vessels, AI, and Piloting. (Part 2) Captain Ricardo Caballero I still have not learned enough to have a well founded opinion on what to expect of AI and Autonomous vessels. Even if I did, it would only be that, an opinion. What I can certainly do, based on my piloting experience, is try to figure out how all these technology would be implemented. Let's imagine that Autonomous ships are already in service worlwide. Now let's say that a ship begins its voyage from point A somewhere in Europe, crosses the Atlantic, transits the Panama Canal, and then continues to point B, San Francisco. This is a typical trip for a fair amount of ships out there. The question is: to which degree, and during which parts of the journey is the ship exercising its Autonomy? And when I say autonomy, I mean without having the need of human interacting or making decisions. Isn't that what Autonomous mean after all? Could the ship leave the terminal without Pi